Internal-combustion engine.



W. BACKM'AN.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAYI3, I913.

Patented May 4, 1915.

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APPLICATION man mvis, m3.

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WITNESSES [NYE/ TOR g fiwumwm M ATTORNEY WILLIAM BACKMAN, 0F BEACON,-IOWA.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTIQN ENGINE.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM BACKMAN, citizen of the United States, residing at Beacon, in the county of Mahaska and State of Iowa, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specisilent running engine than those embody-' ing the tappet or spring actuated valve.

Another object of my invention is to provide an engine having a way for passage of fluid to and from the explosion space of the engine controlled by a reciprocable drum valve, the said way having an opening to the valve casing of such shape that packing rings may be readily used in connection with the valve to control fluid adjacent said way.

A still further object of my invention is to provide an engine having a way of the character described which enables of rapid intake of the charge, and rapid exhaust of the waste products of combustion.

. Further objects of my invention will appear in the following detail description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification, and in which drawings;

Figure l is a view partly in vertical section through the valve casings and cylinder of an internal combustion engine, parts being shown in elevation to simplify the view. Fig. 2 is cross sectional view on the line 22 of fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a view partly in elevation and partly in section of motion transmitting means between the engine piston and valves. Fig. I} is a fragmentary elevation of a part of the cylinder, looking in the direction of the internal periphery thereof to which a way opens. Fig. 5 is a compound view partly in perspective and'partly in section showing the preferred shape of the way for passage of fluid to or from the engine cylinder for intake or exhaust.

In the drawings, where similar characters refer to similar parts, 6 designates the engine cylinder, in which l have shown the Specification of Letters Patent. Patented l {3y d, 1915, Application filed May 13, 1913. i Serial No. 767,468. I

usual reciprocable drum piston 7. The cylinder is preferably mounted on a crank case 8 supporting a drive shaft 9, and the piston is preferably connected with the drive shaft for imparting movement from one to the other, through the connecting rod 10, which is a combination of elements now in common use. In close proximity to the cylinder 6 I have provided casings 11 having bores 12, and either of these casings may serve, in combination with reciprocable drum valves 13 for controlling of the intake and exhaust of the engine. Each casing has away 1% for communication with the atmosphere and, in the example shown, I have disclosed Webs 15 which provide way 16 for passage of fluid to or from the bores of said cylinder and casings. The valves 13 each having a port 17, the openings of which are adapted for communication with ways l-l and i6, simultaneously, upon movement of the valve in one direction. However, the amplitude of reciprocation of the valve is such that it may be drawn with a portion of the valve closing the Way 16 and a portion of the internal periphery of the casing 11, closing the coacting opening of port 17.

As the preferred means for actuating the valves 13, l have disclosed a countershaft 18 adapted to be driven at a positive velocity ratio from drive shaft 9, through gears 19 and 20 carried by said shafts, respectively. The shaft 18 carries eccentrics 21, the straps 22 of which are operatively connected with the valves through connecting rods 23. Thus as movement is imparted to the piston 7 the valves 13 are actuated accordingly, through the motion transmitting mechanism hereinbefore described. It is to be understood that this is merely the preferred means for actuating the valves, and any other motion transmitting mechanism may be substituted without departing from the spirit or scope of my invention.

Referring now more particularly to the way 16, reference may be had to Figs. 4 and 5 which show substantially the shape of such way. The opening of the way to casing 11 has opposite margins 24 diagonally and circumferentially disposed with respect thereto and the way is enlarged from the said opening toward the explosion space of the cylinder 6. The particular disposition of these margins with respect to the internal periphery of the casing 11 is for the purpose of enabling the expansible packing rings 25 to be carried by the valves 13 for controlling the fluid adjacent the way 16, it being understood that these packing rings are exposed in places, to the ways as the valve reciprocates. It-will thus be seen that no abrupt edge is provided to engage with the edge of the packing ring and hence, the valve is permitted to reciprocate them undue friction, and without knocking, as might result if the margins of the opening of way 16 to casing 11 were not diagonally disposed.

The cylinder 6 and webs 15 are inclosed by jacketing 26 so that a cooling fluid may be introduced adjacent the walls, for the Well known purpose of cooling the engine during operation.

In the example shown, the trunk piston is shown as approaching the end of its intake stroke and further movement of the piston will close the intake port for the purpose of compressing the charge. It is believed that successive strokes, that is, compression, power and exhaust will be readily understood from the drawing and that the valves 13 are so actuated for successfuloperation of the engine.

Changes in details may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of my invention; but,

I claim:

1. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinder, of a casing having a bore and a Way for passage of fluid from the bore thereof into said cylinder, the opening of said way into said casing bore being reduced and diagonally positioned and the opening of said way into said cylinder being comparatively enlarged and having its margins parallel or at right angles to the vertical axis of said cylinder.

2. In an. internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinder, of a casing having a bore and a way for the passage of fluid from said bore into said cylinder, the opening of said way into said cylinder being enlarged and having its margins parallel or at right angles to the vertical axis of said cylinder, the opening of said way into said casing being comparatively reduced from first said opening and having its margins diagonally positioned, a valve reciprocable in said casing, and piston rings provided upon said valve to inclose vertically said diagonal Way opening.

In testimony whereof I am): my signature in presence of two witnesses.

W ILLIAM BACKMAN.

Witnesses:

H. H. SHERIFF, JosHUA FRY. 

